@Article{Vilà-GueraudeArellanoWPSABBTBGMFG:2020:LaSiHi,
               author = "Vil{\`a}-Guerau de Arellano, Jordi and Wang, Xuiemei and 
                         Pedruzo-Bagazgoitia, Xabier and Sikma, Martin and 
                         Agust{\'{\i}}-Panareda, Anna and Boussetta, S. and Balsamo, 
                         Gianpaolo and Toledo, Machadom Luiz Augusto and Biscaro, Thiago 
                         Souza and Gentine, Pierre and Martin, Scot T. and Fuentes, Jose D. 
                         and Gerken, Tobias",
          affiliation = "{Wageningen University} and {Wageningen University} and 
                         {Wageningen University} and {Wageningen University} and {European 
                         Centre for Medium-Range Forecast} and {European Centre for 
                         Medium-Range Forecast} and {European Centre for Medium-Range 
                         Forecast} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} 
                         and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and 
                         {Columbia University} and {Harvard University} and {The 
                         Pennsylvania State University} and {The Pennsylvania State 
                         University}",
                title = "Interactions between the amazonian rainforest and cumuli clouds: a 
                         large-eddy simulation, high-resolution ECMWF, and observational 
                         intercomparison study",
              journal = "Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems",
                 year = "2020",
               volume = "12",
               number = "7",
                pages = "e2019MS001828",
                month = "July",
             abstract = "The explicit coupling at meter and second scales of vegetation's 
                         responses to the atmospheric-boundary layer dynamics drives a 
                         dynamic heterogeneity that influences canopy-top fluxes and cloud 
                         formation. Focusing on a representative day during the Amazonian 
                         dry season, we investigate the diurnal cycle of energy, moisture 
                         and carbon dioxide at the canopy top, and the transition from 
                         clear to cloudy conditions. To this end, we compare results from a 
                         large-eddy simulation technique, a high-resolution global weather 
                         model, and a complete observational data set collected during the 
                         GoAmazon14/15 campaign. The overall model-observation comparisons 
                         of radiation and canopy-top fluxes, turbulence, and cloud dynamics 
                         are very satisfactory, with all the modeled variables lying within 
                         the standard deviation of the monthly aggregated observations. Our 
                         analysis indicates that the timing of the change in the daylight 
                         carbon exchange, from a sink to a source, remains uncertain and is 
                         probably related to the stomata closure caused by the increase in 
                         vapor pressure deficit during the afternoon. We demonstrate 
                         quantitatively that heat and moisture transport from the subcloud 
                         layer into the cloud layer are misrepresented by the global model, 
                         yielding low values of specific humidity and thermal instability 
                         above the cloud base. Finally, the numerical simulations and 
                         observational data are adequate settings for benchmarking more 
                         comprehensive studies of plant responses, microphysics, and 
                         radiation.",
                  doi = "10.1029/2019MS001828",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001828",
                 issn = "1942-2466",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "arellano_interactions.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}